Publication

J. Rhim and J. Lee (2026). Beyond One-Size-Fits-All: A Conceptual Framework for Personalizing XR Navigation Based on Individual Capacity and Context, IEEE VR Workshop, 4 pages. 2026-03.

We introduce a framework challenging the one-size-fits-all approach to XR navigation design by addressing individual differences in spatial cognition. We identify three key components for effective personalization: incorporating user characteristics and individual capacity, considering varied application domains, and implementing personalized adaptive navigation interfaces.

V. Agarwal, R. Kopper, and J. Lee (2026). More Than Speed: User Agency and Social Comfort in Speech-based Interaction for Multiscale Medical AR Applications, IEEE VR Workshop, 4 pages. 2026-03.

We present a natural speech-based technique for viewpoint control in medical AR environments and evaluate it through a mixed-methods study. Our findings suggest that AI-assisted navigation was favored for its autonomy and sense of control, with psychological benefits like user agency and social comfort being more important than absolute speed.

J. Lee, B. Kim, B. P. Casey, A. Castro-Rosas, D. Turner, D. Nunez (2026). Project Deep Dive: Investigating Audio-Visual Cue Design for Stress-Response Training in Underwater VR Environments, IEEE VR Workshop, 4 pages. 2025-03.

We developed a VR training prototype that investigates how audio-visual stimuli evoke stress responses in underwater environments to help trainees identify fear thresholds and practice emotional regulation. Our preliminary findings from a pilot study suggest that spatial audio, particularly sounds implying unseen threats, may be more effective than visual effects in inducing immersion and discomfort.

J. Lee, W. Stuerzlinger (2025). Towards Personalized Navigation in XR: Design Recommendations to Accommodate Individual Differences, IEEE LocXR '25, 4 pages. To appear.

We argue for personalized navigation interfaces that accommodate individual differences in spatial abilities and navigation strategies rather than universal solutions. Drawing from empirical findings, we propose design recommendations for developing adaptive navigation interfaces and discuss opportunities for standardization in user assessment and inclusive design.

J. Lee, W. Stuerzlinger (2025). Scaling Technique for Exocentric Navigation in Multiscale Virtual Environments, IEEE TVCG '25, 9 pages. To appear. 2025-03  

We introduce a scroll-based scale control method optimized for exocentric navigation in multiscale environments where speed and accuracy are crucial. Our user study findings indicate that the scroll-based input method significantly reduces task completion time and error rate compared to bi-manual methods.

J. Lee, P. Asente, W. Stuerzlinger (2023). Designing Viewpoint Transition Techniques in Multiscale Virtual Environments, IEEE VR '23, 9 pages. 2023-03  

We extend viewpoint transition research to multiscale virtual environments with nested structures through two user studies investigating transition trajectories, interactive control, and speed modulation. Our results show that certain viewpoint transitions enhance spatial awareness and confidence while reducing the need to revisit target points of interest.

J. Lee, P. Asente, W. Stuerzlinger (2022). A Comparison of Zoom-In Transition Methods for Multiscale VR, ACM SIGGRAPH '22, 2 pages. Poster. 2 pages.  2022-08

We present a comparative study examining zoom-in transition techniques where the viewpoint transitions from large to small levels of scale in multiscale virtual environments with nested structures. We identify that orbiting first before zooming in is preferred over other alternatives when transitioning to viewpoints at smaller scales.

J. Lee, P. Asente, B. Kim, Y. Kim, W. Stuerzlinger (2020). Evaluating Automatic Parameter Control Methods for Locomotion in Multiscale Virtual Environments, ACM VRST '20, 10 pages.    2018-04  

We present a new method for automatically controlling distance in point-and-teleport locomotion for multi-scale environments. Our two user studies found that automatic distance control reduces overshoot compared to manual control, and point-and-teleport with optical flow cues and automatic distance control was more accurate than flying with automatic speed control.

B. Lee, S. Kim, A. Oulasvirta, J. Lee, E. Park (2018). Moving Target Selection: A Cue Integration Model, ACM CHI '18, 10 pages.  2018-05

We investigate the selection of rapidly moving targets on display and build a model based on probabilistic cue integration using maximum likelihood estimation. Our model accurately predicts error rates across realistic tasks by dealing with temporal structure and perceivable movement, with applications in optimizing difficulty in game-level design.

J. Lee, S. Kim, M. Fukumoto, B. Lee (2017). Reflector: Distance-Independent, Private Pointing on a Reflective Screen, ACM UIST '17, 10 pages.  2017-10

We developed Reflector, a novel direct pointing method that uses onscreen reflections to enable distance-independent and private pointing on commodity screens. Our comparison studies show that Reflector allows more reliable pointing regardless of distance compared to eye trackers and demonstrates significantly better privacy protection than touchscreens for PIN entry tasks.